Software · head to head
MariaDB vs MySQL
MariaDB
Software
The open source relational database for the enterprise
- From
- Free
- Rated
- -
The short version
- Each has a real cost: MariaDB jSON support using text fields rather than native binary type; lacks MySQL's JSON syntax and functions; MySQL hot online backup is not in the free Community Server; MySQL Enterprise Backup is a paid Enterprise Edition component
- They diverge on capability: MariaDB covers MySQL Compatibility, MySQL covers ACID compliance.
Where they differ
Only the attributes on which MariaDB and MySQL actually diverge.
Identical on both: starting price (Free), free tier (Yes), user rating (Not yet rated), category (Unknown).
What each one covers
Drawn from each product's published feature list. An absence here means we hold no record of it - not that the product lacks it.
Only in MariaDB
- MySQL Compatibility
- Aria Storage Engine
- ColumnStore
- Galera Cluster
- MaxScale
- Spider Engine
- Temporal Tables
- DBeaver
Only in MySQL
- ACID compliance
- SQL support
- Multi-version concurrency control
- Replication
- Partitioning
- Stored procedures
- Triggers
- Views
Both cover
- phpMyAdmin
What people use each for
The jobs each tool is most often brought in to do.
MariaDB
- Transaction processingnot MySQL
- Data storagenot MySQL
- Application backendnot MySQL
- Reportingnot MySQL
- Data analyticsnot MySQL
MySQL
- Web application backendnot MariaDB
- E-commerce platformsnot MariaDB
- Content management systemsnot MariaDB
- Data warehousingnot MariaDB
- Business applicationsnot MariaDB
Where each one falls short
Documented limitations, not opinions. Every one is a constraint you would hit in normal use.
MariaDB
- JSON support using text fields rather than native binary type; lacks MySQL's JSON syntax and functions
- Galera Cluster maximum performance limited to the slowest node in cluster
- InnoDB tables limited to 1,017 columns and 64 secondary indexes
- Transaction size limits in Galera (128K rows and 2GB by default)
- Less strict SQL type checking than PostgreSQL; allows implicit conversions
MySQL
- Hot online backup is not in the free Community Server; MySQL Enterprise Backup is a paid Enterprise Edition component
- Transparent Data Encryption, data masking and de-identification are Enterprise Edition only
- MySQL Enterprise Firewall, which guards against SQL injection, and MySQL Enterprise Audit are both paid components
- External authentication against PAM or Windows Active Directory requires MySQL Enterprise Authentication
- The thread pool ships as MySQL Enterprise Scalability rather than in the community build
Pricing, plan by plan
MariaDB
FreeNo published plan breakdown. See the MariaDB review.
MySQL
Free- Community EditionFree
- Open source license
- Full SQL support
- InnoDB storage engine
- Standard Edition$2000/year
- Commercial license
- Oracle Premier Support
- MySQL Enterprise backup
- Enterprise Edition$5000/year
- Advanced security
- MySQL Enterprise Monitor
- High Availability
Which should you pick?
Choose MariaDB if
- You need mysql compatibility.
- You want to start without paying.
- You work on Linux, Unix, Windows, macOS.
- You also want aria storage engine.
Choose MySQL if
- You need acid compliance.
- You want to start without paying.
- You work on Windows, Macos, Linux, Unix.
- You also want sql support.
Questions people ask
- Is MariaDB or MySQL better?
- Neither clearly leads. MariaDB starts at Free and MySQL at Free, and user ratings are close enough to be indistinguishable. Choose on capability and platform support.
- Which is cheaper, MariaDB or MySQL?
- MariaDB starts at Free and MySQL at Free.
- Does MariaDB or MySQL run on more platforms?
- MariaDB runs on Linux, Unix, Windows, macOS. MySQL runs on Windows, Macos, Linux, Unix.
- Can I use MariaDB for free?
- Both have a free tier, so you can try either at no cost before committing.
- What is MariaDB best used for?
- MariaDB is most often used for transaction processing, data storage, application backend, reporting. Of those, transaction processing and data storage are not what MySQL is typically brought in for.
- What can MariaDB do that MySQL cannot?
- MariaDB covers MySQL Compatibility, Aria Storage Engine, ColumnStore, Galera Cluster. MySQL covers ACID compliance, SQL support, Multi-version concurrency control, Replication. Both handle phpMyAdmin.
Answered from the vendors’ own pages
MariaDB: Is MariaDB completely free and open source?
Yes. MariaDB Server is licensed under GPLv2 and guaranteed to remain perpetually free and open source, independent of any commercial entities.
SourceMariaDB: Is MariaDB backward compatible with MySQL?
Yes. MariaDB was designed as a drop-in replacement for MySQL. Every application, driver, and configuration that worked with MySQL works with MariaDB without code changes.
SourceMariaDB: What are the storage engine options in MariaDB?
MariaDB supports multiple storage engines including InnoDB (transactional, default), Aria (crash-safe, good for read-heavy workloads), and MyISAM. The Aria engine is faster than InnoDB for certain read-heavy queries and full table scans.
SourceMariaDB: How much does MariaDB cost?
MariaDB Community Server is completely free to download and use. MariaDB offers paid enterprise support and managed cloud services for organizations needing professional support.
SourceMariaDB: Does MariaDB support native JSON storage?
MariaDB stores JSON using text fields (the JSON type is an alias for LONGTEXT), not as a native binary type like MySQL does. JSON support exists but is less sophisticated than MySQL's JSON functions and syntax.
SourceMariaDB: What scaling options does MariaDB provide?
MariaDB supports both scaling up (more cores, memory, storage) and scaling out (read replication, Galera Cluster with multi-node replication). However, Galera Cluster performance cannot exceed the slowest node in the cluster.
Source