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Databases · head to head

Apache Airflow vs LlamaIndex

Apache Airflow logo

Apache Airflow

Databases

Programmatically author, schedule and monitor data workflows in Python

From
Free
Rated
-
Full reviewWebsite
LlamaIndex logo

LlamaIndex

Machine Learning

Data framework for LLM applications

From
Free
Rated
-
Full reviewWebsite

The short version

  • Each has a real cost: Apache Airflow self-hosting is genuinely heavy: scheduler, metadata database, workers and executor choice are a standing operational job; LlamaIndex the free LlamaCloud plan includes 10K credits and has no pay as you go option, so work stops when credits run out
  • They diverge on capability: Apache Airflow covers Pipelines as Python, LlamaIndex covers Data connectors.
  • Prices and features above were last checked on 30 August 2026.

Where they differ

Only the attributes on which Apache Airflow and LlamaIndex actually diverge.

Attributes where Apache Airflow and LlamaIndex differ
AttributeApache AirflowLlamaIndex
Pricing modelOpen source, no licence fee; managed services billed separatelyusage-based
PlatformsLinux, Docker, Kubernetes, Self-hostedLinux, Mac, Windows
CategoryDatabasesMachine Learning
FoundedUnknown2022

Identical on both: starting price (Free), free tier (Yes), user rating (Not yet rated).

What each one covers

Drawn from each product's published feature list. An absence here means we hold no record of it - not that the product lacks it.

Only in Apache Airflow

  • Pipelines as Python
  • Web UI
  • Cloud provider packages
  • Jinja templating
  • Retries and dependencies
  • Extensible operators

Only in LlamaIndex

  • Data connectors
  • Indexing
  • Query engine
  • RAG pipelines
  • Agents
  • OpenAI
  • Anthropic
  • Pinecone

What people use each for

The jobs each tool is most often brought in to do.

Apache Airflow

  • Scheduling nightly ETL where step order and retries matternot LlamaIndex
  • Coordinating machine learning training and evaluation runsnot LlamaIndex
  • Orchestrating dbt runs alongside extraction and loadingnot LlamaIndex
  • Replacing a sprawl of cron jobs with dependencies and visible run historynot LlamaIndex

LlamaIndex

  • Parsing PDFs and complex documents into structured text for RAGnot Apache Airflow
  • Building retrieval augmented generation pipelines over private datanot Apache Airflow
  • Indexing and querying enterprise documents from an LLM applicationnot Apache Airflow

Where each one falls short

Documented limitations, not opinions. Every one is a constraint you would hit in normal use.

Apache Airflow

  • Self-hosting is genuinely heavy: scheduler, metadata database, workers and executor choice are a standing operational job
  • Built for scheduled batch work, and a poor fit for event-driven or sub-minute latency pipelines
  • Because DAGs are Python that the scheduler parses continuously, expensive top-level code in a DAG file slows the whole scheduler
  • Local development and testing of DAGs is awkward compared with newer orchestrators designed with it in mind

LlamaIndex

  • The free LlamaCloud plan includes 10K credits and has no pay as you go option, so work stops when credits run out
  • Concurrent parse jobs are capped at 5 on Free and Starter, 20 on Pro and 100 on Enterprise
  • Pay as you go spend is capped at $500 per month on Starter and $5,000 per month on Pro
  • Enterprise SSO is Enterprise plan only
  • Volume discounts on credits and 5x higher rate limits are Enterprise only
  • SaaS or hybrid cloud deployment choice and a dedicated account manager are Enterprise only
  • Enterprise pricing is by quote with no published rate

Pricing, plan by plan

Apache Airflow

Free
  • Apache AirflowFree
    • Full scheduler and web UI
    • All provider packages
    • No task or DAG limits

LlamaIndex

Free
  • FreeFree
    • 10K monthly credits
    • Basic parsing
    • 5 concurrent jobs
  • Starter$50/month
    • 40K credits + pay-as-you-go
    • Up to 400K credits
    • 5 concurrent jobs
  • Pro$500/month
    • 400K credits + limited-time bonus
    • 20 concurrent jobs
    • Priority Slack support
  • Enterprise$null/custom
    • Custom volume discounts
    • 5x higher rate limits
    • SSO

Which should you pick?

Choose Apache Airflow if

  • You need pipelines as python.
  • You want to start without paying.
  • You work on Linux, Docker, Kubernetes, Self-hosted.
  • You also want web ui.
Apache Airflow review

Choose LlamaIndex if

  • You need data connectors.
  • You want to start without paying.
  • You work on Linux, Mac, Windows.
  • You also want indexing.
LlamaIndex review

Questions people ask

Is Apache Airflow or LlamaIndex better?
Neither clearly leads. Apache Airflow starts at Free and LlamaIndex at Free, and user ratings are close enough to be indistinguishable. Choose on capability and platform support.
Which is cheaper, Apache Airflow or LlamaIndex?
Apache Airflow starts at Free and LlamaIndex at Free.
Does Apache Airflow or LlamaIndex run on more platforms?
Apache Airflow runs on Linux, Docker, Kubernetes, Self-hosted. LlamaIndex runs on Linux, Mac, Windows.
Can I use Apache Airflow for free?
Both have a free tier, so you can try either at no cost before committing.
What is Apache Airflow best used for?
Apache Airflow is most often used for scheduling nightly etl where step order and retries matter, coordinating machine learning training and evaluation runs, orchestrating dbt runs alongside extraction and loading, replacing a sprawl of cron jobs with dependencies and visible run history. Of those, scheduling nightly etl where step order and retries matter and coordinating machine learning training and evaluation runs are not what LlamaIndex is typically brought in for.
What can Apache Airflow do that LlamaIndex cannot?
Apache Airflow covers Pipelines as Python, Web UI, Cloud provider packages, Jinja templating. LlamaIndex covers Data connectors, Indexing, Query engine, RAG pipelines.

Answered from the vendors’ own pages

Apache Airflow: Is Apache Airflow free?

Yes. Airflow is open source under the Apache Software Foundation with no licence fee. Costs are the infrastructure to run it, or a managed service such as Google Cloud Composer or Amazon MWAA.

LlamaIndex: How much does LlamaIndex (LlamaParse) cost?

LlamaIndex offers a Free plan with 10K monthly credits at $0/month. The Starter plan is $50/month for 40K credits plus pay-as-you-go overage up to 400K total. The Pro plan is $500/month for 400K credits. Credits are priced at 1,000 credits for $1.25.

Source
Apache Airflow: What language are Airflow workflows written in?

Python. A workflow is a Python file, so standard language features including loops and datetime handling can generate tasks dynamically, with no XML or command-line configuration.

LlamaIndex: Is LlamaIndex free?

Yes, LlamaIndex offers a free plan with 10K monthly credits, basic parsing, 5 concurrent jobs, and support for up to 100 users with no upfront payment required.

Source
Apache Airflow: Is Airflow suitable for real-time pipelines?

Not really. Airflow is designed for scheduled batch orchestration. Event-driven or sub-minute work is better served by a streaming platform such as Kafka or a purpose-built streaming engine.

LlamaIndex: What are LlamaIndex's concurrent job limits?

The Free and Starter plans allow 5 concurrent jobs. The Pro plan increases this to 20 concurrent jobs. Enterprise plans offer custom configurations with 5x higher rate limits.

Source
Apache Airflow: What are the main alternatives to Airflow?

Dagster and Prefect are the two most commonly weighed against it, both newer and both designed around the local development and testing experience Airflow is criticised for.

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