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Databases · head to head

Vitess vs Zilliz

Vitess logo

Vitess

Databases

Scalable database clustering system for horizontal scaling of MySQL

From
Free
Rated
-
Full reviewWebsite
Zilliz logo

Zilliz

Databases

Managed vector database and vector lakebase for AI applications

From
Free
Rated
-
Full reviewWebsite

The short version

  • Each has a real cost: Vitess vTGate scatter queries without sharding key incur significant performance penalties; Zilliz pricing structure not publicly disclosed, requires sales contact
  • They diverge on capability: Vitess covers Horizontal Sharding, Zilliz covers Vector indexing.
  • Prices and features above were last checked on 30 August 2026.

Where they differ

Only the attributes on which Vitess and Zilliz actually diverge.

Attributes where Vitess and Zilliz differ
AttributeVitessZilliz
Pricing modelUnknowncontact-sales
PlatformsLinux, macOS, Docker, KubernetesCloud, Self-hosted
Founded20102017

Identical on both: starting price (Free), free tier (Yes), user rating (Not yet rated), category (Databases).

What each one covers

Drawn from each product's published feature list. An absence here means we hold no record of it - not that the product lacks it.

Only in Vitess

  • Horizontal Sharding
  • Connection Pooling
  • Query Routing
  • Online Schema Changes
  • Shard Management
  • Replication Management
  • Automated Failover
  • MySQL

Only in Zilliz

  • Vector indexing
  • Distributed architecture
  • SQL interface
  • Tensor support
  • Real-time search
  • Cloud-native
  • Open-source compatible

What people use each for

The jobs each tool is most often brought in to do.

Vitess

  • Transaction processingnot Zilliz
  • Data storagenot Zilliz
  • Application backendnot Zilliz
  • Reportingnot Zilliz
  • Data analyticsnot Zilliz

Zilliz

  • Build retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systemsnot Vitess
  • Implement semantic search over documentsnot Vitess
  • Create multimodal search with text and imagesnot Vitess
  • Power recommendation engines with vector similaritynot Vitess
  • Enable similarity search on user embeddingsnot Vitess

Where each one falls short

Documented limitations, not opinions. Every one is a constraint you would hit in normal use.

Vitess

  • VTGate scatter queries without sharding key incur significant performance penalties
  • Foreign key constraints not enforced across shards, requiring application-level integrity handling
  • Single primary per keyspace limits multi-region write capabilities
  • Distributed transactions without proper sharding key routing suffer performance degradation

Zilliz

  • Pricing structure not publicly disclosed, requires sales contact
  • Operational complexity for self-hosted Milvus deployments
  • Learning curve for those unfamiliar with vector databases
  • Limited built-in analytics compared to some alternatives

Pricing, plan by plan

Vitess

Free

No published plan breakdown. See the Vitess review.

Zilliz

Free

No published plan breakdown. See the Zilliz review.

Which should you pick?

Choose Vitess if

  • You need horizontal sharding.
  • You want to start without paying.
  • You work on Linux, macOS, Docker, Kubernetes.
  • You also want connection pooling.
Vitess review

Choose Zilliz if

  • You need vector indexing.
  • You want to start without paying.
  • You work on Cloud, Self-hosted.
  • You also want distributed architecture.
Zilliz review

Questions people ask

Is Vitess or Zilliz better?
Neither clearly leads. Vitess starts at Free and Zilliz at Free, and user ratings are close enough to be indistinguishable. Choose on capability and platform support.
Which is cheaper, Vitess or Zilliz?
Vitess starts at Free and Zilliz at Free.
Does Vitess or Zilliz run on more platforms?
Vitess runs on Linux, macOS, Docker, Kubernetes. Zilliz runs on Cloud, Self-hosted.
Can I use Vitess for free?
Both have a free tier, so you can try either at no cost before committing.
What is Vitess best used for?
Vitess is most often used for transaction processing, data storage, application backend, reporting. Of those, transaction processing and data storage are not what Zilliz is typically brought in for.
What can Vitess do that Zilliz cannot?
Vitess covers Horizontal Sharding, Connection Pooling, Query Routing, Online Schema Changes. Zilliz covers Vector indexing, Distributed architecture, SQL interface, Tensor support.

Answered from the vendors’ own pages

Vitess: Is Vitess free to use?

Yes. Vitess is completely free and open source under the Apache 2.0 license. It is a graduated CNCF project with no licensing costs or pricing tiers.

Source
Zilliz: What is the difference between Milvus and Zilliz Cloud?

Milvus is the open-source vector database that you can self-host. Zilliz Cloud is the fully managed service built on Milvus that removes operational overhead and handles scaling automatically.

Source
Vitess: What databases does Vitess support?

Vitess supports MySQL and MariaDB as backend databases. It acts as a middleware layer that adds sharding and orchestration capabilities on top of these databases.

Source
Zilliz: How many vectors can Zilliz handle?

Milvus and Zilliz Cloud can store and search billions of vectors through their distributed architecture that separates storage and compute layers.

Source
Vitess: Does Vitess require Kubernetes to run?

No. Vitess can run on Kubernetes using the Vitess Operator, but it can also be deployed on traditional infrastructure. Kubernetes integration is optional and provides additional automation benefits.

Source
Zilliz: Is Milvus open-source?

Yes, Milvus is open-source under the Apache License 2.0 and is part of the LF AI & Data Foundation.

Source
Vitess: How does Vitess handle cross-shard transactions?

Vitess supports distributed transactions across shards, but they require queries to be routed through the sharding key. Transactions without a proper sharding key can result in slower performance.

Source
Zilliz: What pricing does Zilliz Cloud offer?

Zilliz Cloud pricing is not publicly listed and requires contacting their team to discuss your specific scale and use case requirements.

Source
Vitess: Does Vitess enforce foreign key constraints?

Vitess does not enforce foreign key constraints across shards by default. Referential integrity must be managed at the application layer, though per-database support can be enabled with limitations.

Source
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