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Machine Learning · head to head

Databricks vs Apache Spark MLlib

Databricks logo

Databricks

Machine Learning

Unified analytics platform for data engineering and data science

From
Free
Rated
-
Full reviewWebsite
Apache Spark MLlib logo

Apache Spark MLlib

Machine Learning

The machine learning library inside Apache Spark, for data that will not fit on one machine

From
Free
Rated
-
Full reviewWebsite

The short version

  • Each has a real cost: Databricks cloud compute is billed separately by the cloud provider on top of Databricks DBU charges; Apache Spark MLlib the algorithm set has grown slowly and its gradient boosting does not match XGBoost or LightGBM in accuracy or speed, so teams routinely do feature engineering in Spark and then train elsewhere, which undoes the argument for using it at all.
  • They diverge on capability: Databricks covers Delta Lake, Apache Spark MLlib covers DataFrame-based pipelines.
  • Prices and features above were last checked on 30 August 2026.

Where they differ

Only the attributes on which Databricks and Apache Spark MLlib actually diverge.

Attributes where Databricks and Apache Spark MLlib differ
AttributeDatabricksApache Spark MLlib
Pricing modelusage-basedopen-source
PlatformsWeb, Aws, Azure, GcpLinux, macOS, Windows
Founded20131999

Identical on both: starting price (Free), free tier (Yes), user rating (Not yet rated), category (Machine Learning).

What each one covers

Drawn from each product's published feature list. An absence here means we hold no record of it - not that the product lacks it.

Only in Databricks

  • Delta Lake
  • Apache Spark
  • MLflow
  • Unity Catalog
  • Photon Engine
  • Collaborative Notebooks
  • Auto-scaling
  • AWS

Only in Apache Spark MLlib

  • DataFrame-based pipelines
  • Distributed algorithms
  • Alternating least squares
  • Feature transformers
  • Model selection
  • Pipeline persistence
  • Language bindings
  • Runs in existing Spark deployments

What people use each for

The jobs each tool is most often brought in to do.

Databricks

  • Running Spark data engineering pipelines on managed clustersnot Apache Spark MLlib
  • Building a lakehouse over data in cloud object storagenot Apache Spark MLlib
  • Training and serving machine learning models alongside the datanot Apache Spark MLlib

Apache Spark MLlib

  • Training on a data set too large to hold on one machine, where sampling down would lose the rare events you care aboutnot Databricks
  • Feature engineering and model fitting in one job over tables already in the lake, avoiding an extract and a second copy of sensitive datanot Databricks
  • Batch scoring of hundreds of millions of rows on a schedule, where throughput matters and per-request latency does notnot Databricks
  • Organisations that already run and pay for Spark, where adding a modelling step is cheaper than introducing a second platformnot Databricks

Where each one falls short

Documented limitations, not opinions. Every one is a constraint you would hit in normal use.

Databricks

  • Cloud compute is billed separately by the cloud provider on top of Databricks DBU charges
  • The free trial lasts 14 days
  • Discounts require a Committed Use Contract, with larger commitments needed for larger discounts
  • Azure Databricks pricing is set by Microsoft rather than by Databricks
  • Security and compliance capabilities are sold as separate platform add ons rather than included in the base rate

Apache Spark MLlib

  • The algorithm set has grown slowly and its gradient boosting does not match XGBoost or LightGBM in accuracy or speed, so teams routinely do feature engineering in Spark and then train elsewhere, which undoes the argument for using it at all.
  • There is no deep learning in MLlib; neural network work on Spark requires a separate integration, and the DataFrame-centred interface is an awkward fit for it.
  • Fitted models serialise into Spark's own format, so low-latency serving needs either a Spark session in the request path, which is far too slow, or a conversion through ONNX or MLeap, and this is where most Spark ML projects stall.
  • Debugging is JVM cluster debugging: executor out-of-memory, shuffle spill, skewed partitions and serialisation failures, so an engineer without Spark operations experience spends more time tuning the cluster than improving the model.
  • The cluster is the real cost and Spark holds executors for the duration of a job, so a badly partitioned training run pays for idle cores across the whole fleet while one straggler task finishes.

Pricing, plan by plan

Databricks

Free
  • Community EditionFree
    • Limited cluster
    • Notebook environment
    • Community support
  • Standard$0.07/DBU
    • Jobs compute
    • SQL compute
    • Standard support

Apache Spark MLlib

Free

No published plan breakdown. See the Apache Spark MLlib review.

Which should you pick?

Choose Databricks if

  • You need delta lake.
  • You want to start without paying.
  • You work on Web, Aws, Azure, Gcp.
  • You also want apache spark.
Databricks review

Choose Apache Spark MLlib if

  • You need dataframe-based pipelines.
  • You want to start without paying.
  • You work on Linux, macOS, Windows.
  • You also want distributed algorithms.
Apache Spark MLlib review

Questions people ask

Is Databricks or Apache Spark MLlib better?
Neither clearly leads. Databricks starts at Free and Apache Spark MLlib at Free, and user ratings are close enough to be indistinguishable. Choose on capability and platform support.
Which is cheaper, Databricks or Apache Spark MLlib?
Databricks starts at Free and Apache Spark MLlib at Free.
Does Databricks or Apache Spark MLlib run on more platforms?
Databricks runs on Web, Aws, Azure, Gcp. Apache Spark MLlib runs on Linux, macOS, Windows.
Can I use Databricks for free?
Both have a free tier, so you can try either at no cost before committing.
What is Databricks best used for?
Databricks is most often used for running spark data engineering pipelines on managed clusters, building a lakehouse over data in cloud object storage, training and serving machine learning models alongside the data. Of those, running spark data engineering pipelines on managed clusters and building a lakehouse over data in cloud object storage are not what Apache Spark MLlib is typically brought in for.
What can Databricks do that Apache Spark MLlib cannot?
Databricks covers Delta Lake, Apache Spark, MLflow, Unity Catalog. Apache Spark MLlib covers DataFrame-based pipelines, Distributed algorithms, Alternating least squares, Feature transformers.

Answered from the vendors’ own pages

Databricks: How is Databricks priced?

Databricks bills pay as you go with no up front cost, charging per second for the products used. Consumption is measured in Databricks Units, a normalised unit of processing power on the platform.

Source
Apache Spark MLlib: What is the difference between spark.ml and spark.mllib?

spark.ml is the DataFrame-based interface and the one to use. spark.mllib is the older RDD-based package, kept for compatibility, in maintenance and receiving no new features.

Databricks: Does Databricks publish a per DBU price?

Not on its main pricing page. Rates vary by product and instance type, and Databricks directs buyers to individual product pricing pages and a calculator rather than listing a single figure.

Source
Apache Spark MLlib: Do I need a cluster?

Spark runs in local mode on one machine, which is useful for development, but if you are running on one machine you would generally be better served by scikit-learn or XGBoost, which are faster and more capable at that scale.

Databricks: Does the Databricks price include cloud costs?

No. Databricks states that if you configure it to work with your own cloud account, your cloud provider still charges you separately for the underlying resources.

Source
Apache Spark MLlib: Can I use scikit-learn on Spark instead?

Yes, and it is often the better answer. You can distribute independent model fits across the cluster, or use pandas user-defined functions to run per-group models, keeping Spark for the data and a mature library for the modelling.

Databricks: Can I get a discount on Databricks?

Databricks offers Committed Use Contracts, where larger usage commitments earn greater benefits, including options to use commitments flexibly across multiple clouds.

Source
Apache Spark MLlib: How do I serve an MLlib model in real time?

Not directly. Either convert the pipeline to a portable format such as ONNX or MLeap, or reimplement the scoring path. Starting a Spark session per request adds seconds of overhead and is not a serving strategy.

Apache Spark MLlib: Is it free?

The library is Apache 2.0 and costs nothing. The cluster it runs on is billed by your cloud provider or by Databricks, and that is the actual expense.

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